mirror of
https://github.com/openjdk/jdk.git
synced 2025-08-28 07:14:30 +02:00
8187443: Forest Consolidation: Move files to unified layout
Reviewed-by: darcy, ihse
This commit is contained in:
parent
270fe13182
commit
3789983e89
56923 changed files with 3 additions and 15727 deletions
559
src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/StackTraceElement.java
Normal file
559
src/java.base/share/classes/java/lang/StackTraceElement.java
Normal file
|
@ -0,0 +1,559 @@
|
|||
/*
|
||||
* Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
|
||||
* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
|
||||
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
|
||||
* published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
|
||||
* particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
|
||||
* by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||||
* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
|
||||
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
|
||||
* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
|
||||
* accompanied this code).
|
||||
*
|
||||
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
|
||||
* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
|
||||
* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
|
||||
* or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
|
||||
* questions.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
|
||||
package java.lang;
|
||||
|
||||
import jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader;
|
||||
import jdk.internal.misc.VM;
|
||||
import jdk.internal.module.ModuleHashes;
|
||||
import jdk.internal.module.ModuleReferenceImpl;
|
||||
|
||||
import java.lang.module.ModuleDescriptor.Version;
|
||||
import java.lang.module.ModuleReference;
|
||||
import java.lang.module.ResolvedModule;
|
||||
import java.util.HashSet;
|
||||
import java.util.Objects;
|
||||
import java.util.Optional;
|
||||
import java.util.Set;
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* An element in a stack trace, as returned by {@link
|
||||
* Throwable#getStackTrace()}. Each element represents a single stack frame.
|
||||
* All stack frames except for the one at the top of the stack represent
|
||||
* a method invocation. The frame at the top of the stack represents the
|
||||
* execution point at which the stack trace was generated. Typically,
|
||||
* this is the point at which the throwable corresponding to the stack trace
|
||||
* was created.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* @since 1.4
|
||||
* @author Josh Bloch
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public final class StackTraceElement implements java.io.Serializable {
|
||||
|
||||
// For Throwables and StackWalker, the VM initially sets this field to a
|
||||
// reference to the declaring Class. The Class reference is used to
|
||||
// construct the 'format' bitmap, and then is cleared.
|
||||
//
|
||||
// For STEs constructed using the public constructors, this field is not used.
|
||||
private transient Class<?> declaringClassObject;
|
||||
|
||||
// Normally initialized by VM
|
||||
private String classLoaderName;
|
||||
private String moduleName;
|
||||
private String moduleVersion;
|
||||
private String declaringClass;
|
||||
private String methodName;
|
||||
private String fileName;
|
||||
private int lineNumber;
|
||||
private byte format = 0; // Default to show all
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Creates a stack trace element representing the specified execution
|
||||
* point. The {@link #getModuleName module name} and {@link
|
||||
* #getModuleVersion module version} of the stack trace element will
|
||||
* be {@code null}.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* @param declaringClass the fully qualified name of the class containing
|
||||
* the execution point represented by the stack trace element
|
||||
* @param methodName the name of the method containing the execution point
|
||||
* represented by the stack trace element
|
||||
* @param fileName the name of the file containing the execution point
|
||||
* represented by the stack trace element, or {@code null} if
|
||||
* this information is unavailable
|
||||
* @param lineNumber the line number of the source line containing the
|
||||
* execution point represented by this stack trace element, or
|
||||
* a negative number if this information is unavailable. A value
|
||||
* of -2 indicates that the method containing the execution point
|
||||
* is a native method
|
||||
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code declaringClass} or
|
||||
* {@code methodName} is null
|
||||
* @since 1.5
|
||||
* @revised 9
|
||||
* @spec JPMS
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public StackTraceElement(String declaringClass, String methodName,
|
||||
String fileName, int lineNumber) {
|
||||
this(null, null, null, declaringClass, methodName, fileName, lineNumber);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Creates a stack trace element representing the specified execution
|
||||
* point.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* @param classLoaderName the class loader name if the class loader of
|
||||
* the class containing the execution point represented by
|
||||
* the stack trace is named; otherwise {@code null}
|
||||
* @param moduleName the module name if the class containing the
|
||||
* execution point represented by the stack trace is in a named
|
||||
* module; otherwise {@code null}
|
||||
* @param moduleVersion the module version if the class containing the
|
||||
* execution point represented by the stack trace is in a named
|
||||
* module that has a version; otherwise {@code null}
|
||||
* @param declaringClass the fully qualified name of the class containing
|
||||
* the execution point represented by the stack trace element
|
||||
* @param methodName the name of the method containing the execution point
|
||||
* represented by the stack trace element
|
||||
* @param fileName the name of the file containing the execution point
|
||||
* represented by the stack trace element, or {@code null} if
|
||||
* this information is unavailable
|
||||
* @param lineNumber the line number of the source line containing the
|
||||
* execution point represented by this stack trace element, or
|
||||
* a negative number if this information is unavailable. A value
|
||||
* of -2 indicates that the method containing the execution point
|
||||
* is a native method
|
||||
*
|
||||
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code declaringClass} is {@code null}
|
||||
* or {@code methodName} is {@code null}
|
||||
*
|
||||
* @since 9
|
||||
* @spec JPMS
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public StackTraceElement(String classLoaderName,
|
||||
String moduleName, String moduleVersion,
|
||||
String declaringClass, String methodName,
|
||||
String fileName, int lineNumber) {
|
||||
this.classLoaderName = classLoaderName;
|
||||
this.moduleName = moduleName;
|
||||
this.moduleVersion = moduleVersion;
|
||||
this.declaringClass = Objects.requireNonNull(declaringClass, "Declaring class is null");
|
||||
this.methodName = Objects.requireNonNull(methodName, "Method name is null");
|
||||
this.fileName = fileName;
|
||||
this.lineNumber = lineNumber;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* Private constructor for the factory methods to create StackTraceElement
|
||||
* for Throwable and StackFrameInfo
|
||||
*/
|
||||
private StackTraceElement() {}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Returns the name of the source file containing the execution point
|
||||
* represented by this stack trace element. Generally, this corresponds
|
||||
* to the {@code SourceFile} attribute of the relevant {@code class}
|
||||
* file (as per <i>The Java Virtual Machine Specification</i>, Section
|
||||
* 4.7.7). In some systems, the name may refer to some source code unit
|
||||
* other than a file, such as an entry in source repository.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* @return the name of the file containing the execution point
|
||||
* represented by this stack trace element, or {@code null} if
|
||||
* this information is unavailable.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public String getFileName() {
|
||||
return fileName;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Returns the line number of the source line containing the execution
|
||||
* point represented by this stack trace element. Generally, this is
|
||||
* derived from the {@code LineNumberTable} attribute of the relevant
|
||||
* {@code class} file (as per <i>The Java Virtual Machine
|
||||
* Specification</i>, Section 4.7.8).
|
||||
*
|
||||
* @return the line number of the source line containing the execution
|
||||
* point represented by this stack trace element, or a negative
|
||||
* number if this information is unavailable.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public int getLineNumber() {
|
||||
return lineNumber;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Returns the module name of the module containing the execution point
|
||||
* represented by this stack trace element.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* @return the module name of the {@code Module} containing the execution
|
||||
* point represented by this stack trace element; {@code null}
|
||||
* if the module name is not available.
|
||||
* @since 9
|
||||
* @spec JPMS
|
||||
* @see Module#getName()
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public String getModuleName() {
|
||||
return moduleName;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Returns the module version of the module containing the execution point
|
||||
* represented by this stack trace element.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* @return the module version of the {@code Module} containing the execution
|
||||
* point represented by this stack trace element; {@code null}
|
||||
* if the module version is not available.
|
||||
* @since 9
|
||||
* @spec JPMS
|
||||
* @see java.lang.module.ModuleDescriptor.Version
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public String getModuleVersion() {
|
||||
return moduleVersion;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Returns the name of the class loader of the class containing the
|
||||
* execution point represented by this stack trace element.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* @return the name of the class loader of the class containing the execution
|
||||
* point represented by this stack trace element; {@code null}
|
||||
* if the class loader is not named.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* @since 9
|
||||
* @spec JPMS
|
||||
* @see java.lang.ClassLoader#getName()
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public String getClassLoaderName() {
|
||||
return classLoaderName;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Returns the fully qualified name of the class containing the
|
||||
* execution point represented by this stack trace element.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* @return the fully qualified name of the {@code Class} containing
|
||||
* the execution point represented by this stack trace element.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public String getClassName() {
|
||||
return declaringClass;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Returns the name of the method containing the execution point
|
||||
* represented by this stack trace element. If the execution point is
|
||||
* contained in an instance or class initializer, this method will return
|
||||
* the appropriate <i>special method name</i>, {@code <init>} or
|
||||
* {@code <clinit>}, as per Section 3.9 of <i>The Java Virtual
|
||||
* Machine Specification</i>.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* @return the name of the method containing the execution point
|
||||
* represented by this stack trace element.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public String getMethodName() {
|
||||
return methodName;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Returns true if the method containing the execution point
|
||||
* represented by this stack trace element is a native method.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* @return {@code true} if the method containing the execution point
|
||||
* represented by this stack trace element is a native method.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public boolean isNativeMethod() {
|
||||
return lineNumber == -2;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Returns a string representation of this stack trace element.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* @apiNote The format of this string depends on the implementation, but the
|
||||
* following examples may be regarded as typical:
|
||||
* <ul>
|
||||
* <li>
|
||||
* "{@code com.foo.loader/foo@9.0/com.foo.Main.run(Main.java:101)}"
|
||||
* - See the description below.
|
||||
* </li>
|
||||
* <li>
|
||||
* "{@code com.foo.loader/foo@9.0/com.foo.Main.run(Main.java)}"
|
||||
* - The line number is unavailable.
|
||||
* </li>
|
||||
* <li>
|
||||
* "{@code com.foo.loader/foo@9.0/com.foo.Main.run(Unknown Source)}"
|
||||
* - Neither the file name nor the line number is available.
|
||||
* </li>
|
||||
* <li>
|
||||
* "{@code com.foo.loader/foo@9.0/com.foo.Main.run(Native Method)}"
|
||||
* - The method containing the execution point is a native method.
|
||||
* </li>
|
||||
* <li>
|
||||
* "{@code com.foo.loader//com.foo.bar.App.run(App.java:12)}"
|
||||
* - The class of the execution point is defined in the unnamed module of
|
||||
* the class loader named {@code com.foo.loader}.
|
||||
* </li>
|
||||
* <li>
|
||||
* "{@code acme@2.1/org.acme.Lib.test(Lib.java:80)}"
|
||||
* - The class of the execution point is defined in {@code acme} module
|
||||
* loaded by by a built-in class loader such as the application class loader.
|
||||
* </li>
|
||||
* <li>
|
||||
* "{@code MyClass.mash(MyClass.java:9)}"
|
||||
* - {@code MyClass} class is on the application class path.
|
||||
* </li>
|
||||
* </ul>
|
||||
*
|
||||
* <p> The first example shows a stack trace element consisting of
|
||||
* three elements, each separated by {@code "/"} followed with
|
||||
* the source file name and the line number of the source line
|
||||
* containing the execution point.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* The first element "{@code com.foo.loader}" is
|
||||
* the name of the class loader. The second element "{@code foo@9.0}"
|
||||
* is the module name and version. The third element is the method
|
||||
* containing the execution point; "{@code com.foo.Main"}" is the
|
||||
* fully-qualified class name and "{@code run}" is the name of the method.
|
||||
* "{@code Main.java}" is the source file name and "{@code 101}" is
|
||||
* the line number.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* <p> If a class is defined in an <em>unnamed module</em>
|
||||
* then the second element is omitted as shown in
|
||||
* "{@code com.foo.loader//com.foo.bar.App.run(App.java:12)}".
|
||||
*
|
||||
* <p> If the class loader is a <a href="ClassLoader.html#builtinLoaders">
|
||||
* built-in class loader</a> or is not named then the first element
|
||||
* and its following {@code "/"} are omitted as shown in
|
||||
* "{@code acme@2.1/org.acme.Lib.test(Lib.java:80)}".
|
||||
* If the first element is omitted and the module is an unnamed module,
|
||||
* the second element and its following {@code "/"} are also omitted
|
||||
* as shown in "{@code MyClass.mash(MyClass.java:9)}".
|
||||
*
|
||||
* <p> The {@code toString} method may return two different values on two
|
||||
* {@code StackTraceElement} instances that are
|
||||
* {@linkplain #equals(Object) equal}, for example one created via the
|
||||
* constructor, and one obtained from {@link java.lang.Throwable} or
|
||||
* {@link java.lang.StackWalker.StackFrame}, where an implementation may
|
||||
* choose to omit some element in the returned string.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* @revised 9
|
||||
* @spec JPMS
|
||||
* @see Throwable#printStackTrace()
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public String toString() {
|
||||
String s = "";
|
||||
if (!dropClassLoaderName() && classLoaderName != null &&
|
||||
!classLoaderName.isEmpty()) {
|
||||
s += classLoaderName + "/";
|
||||
}
|
||||
if (moduleName != null && !moduleName.isEmpty()) {
|
||||
s += moduleName;
|
||||
|
||||
if (!dropModuleVersion() && moduleVersion != null &&
|
||||
!moduleVersion.isEmpty()) {
|
||||
s += "@" + moduleVersion;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
s = s.isEmpty() ? declaringClass : s + "/" + declaringClass;
|
||||
|
||||
return s + "." + methodName + "(" +
|
||||
(isNativeMethod() ? "Native Method)" :
|
||||
(fileName != null && lineNumber >= 0 ?
|
||||
fileName + ":" + lineNumber + ")" :
|
||||
(fileName != null ? ""+fileName+")" : "Unknown Source)")));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Returns true if the specified object is another
|
||||
* {@code StackTraceElement} instance representing the same execution
|
||||
* point as this instance. Two stack trace elements {@code a} and
|
||||
* {@code b} are equal if and only if:
|
||||
* <pre>{@code
|
||||
* equals(a.getClassLoaderName(), b.getClassLoaderName()) &&
|
||||
* equals(a.getModuleName(), b.getModuleName()) &&
|
||||
* equals(a.getModuleVersion(), b.getModuleVersion()) &&
|
||||
* equals(a.getClassName(), b.getClassName()) &&
|
||||
* equals(a.getMethodName(), b.getMethodName())
|
||||
* equals(a.getFileName(), b.getFileName()) &&
|
||||
* a.getLineNumber() == b.getLineNumber()
|
||||
*
|
||||
* }</pre>
|
||||
* where {@code equals} has the semantics of {@link
|
||||
* java.util.Objects#equals(Object, Object) Objects.equals}.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* @param obj the object to be compared with this stack trace element.
|
||||
* @return true if the specified object is another
|
||||
* {@code StackTraceElement} instance representing the same
|
||||
* execution point as this instance.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* @revised 9
|
||||
* @spec JPMS
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
|
||||
if (obj==this)
|
||||
return true;
|
||||
if (!(obj instanceof StackTraceElement))
|
||||
return false;
|
||||
StackTraceElement e = (StackTraceElement)obj;
|
||||
return Objects.equals(classLoaderName, e.classLoaderName) &&
|
||||
Objects.equals(moduleName, e.moduleName) &&
|
||||
Objects.equals(moduleVersion, e.moduleVersion) &&
|
||||
e.declaringClass.equals(declaringClass) &&
|
||||
e.lineNumber == lineNumber &&
|
||||
Objects.equals(methodName, e.methodName) &&
|
||||
Objects.equals(fileName, e.fileName);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Returns a hash code value for this stack trace element.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
public int hashCode() {
|
||||
int result = 31*declaringClass.hashCode() + methodName.hashCode();
|
||||
result = 31*result + Objects.hashCode(classLoaderName);
|
||||
result = 31*result + Objects.hashCode(moduleName);
|
||||
result = 31*result + Objects.hashCode(moduleVersion);
|
||||
result = 31*result + Objects.hashCode(fileName);
|
||||
result = 31*result + lineNumber;
|
||||
return result;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Called from of() methods to set the 'format' bitmap using the Class
|
||||
* reference stored in declaringClassObject, and then clear the reference.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* <p>
|
||||
* If the module is a non-upgradeable JDK module, then set
|
||||
* JDK_NON_UPGRADEABLE_MODULE to omit its version string.
|
||||
* <p>
|
||||
* If the loader is one of the built-in loaders (`boot`, `platform`, or `app`)
|
||||
* then set BUILTIN_CLASS_LOADER to omit the first element (`<loader>/`).
|
||||
*/
|
||||
private synchronized void computeFormat() {
|
||||
try {
|
||||
Class<?> cls = (Class<?>) declaringClassObject;
|
||||
ClassLoader loader = cls.getClassLoader0();
|
||||
Module m = cls.getModule();
|
||||
byte bits = 0;
|
||||
|
||||
// First element - class loader name
|
||||
// Call package-private ClassLoader::name method
|
||||
|
||||
if (loader instanceof BuiltinClassLoader) {
|
||||
bits |= BUILTIN_CLASS_LOADER;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Second element - module name and version
|
||||
|
||||
// Omit if is a JDK non-upgradeable module (recorded in the hashes
|
||||
// in java.base)
|
||||
if (isHashedInJavaBase(m)) {
|
||||
bits |= JDK_NON_UPGRADEABLE_MODULE;
|
||||
}
|
||||
format = bits;
|
||||
} finally {
|
||||
// Class reference no longer needed, clear it
|
||||
declaringClassObject = null;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
private static final byte BUILTIN_CLASS_LOADER = 0x1;
|
||||
private static final byte JDK_NON_UPGRADEABLE_MODULE = 0x2;
|
||||
|
||||
private boolean dropClassLoaderName() {
|
||||
return (format & BUILTIN_CLASS_LOADER) == BUILTIN_CLASS_LOADER;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
private boolean dropModuleVersion() {
|
||||
return (format & JDK_NON_UPGRADEABLE_MODULE) == JDK_NON_UPGRADEABLE_MODULE;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/**
|
||||
* Returns true if the module is hashed with java.base.
|
||||
* <p>
|
||||
* This method returns false when running on the exploded image
|
||||
* since JDK modules are not hashed. They have no Version attribute
|
||||
* and so "@<version>" part will be omitted anyway.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
private static boolean isHashedInJavaBase(Module m) {
|
||||
// return true if module system is not initialized as the code
|
||||
// must be in java.base
|
||||
if (!VM.isModuleSystemInited())
|
||||
return true;
|
||||
|
||||
return ModuleLayer.boot() == m.getLayer() && HashedModules.contains(m);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* Finds JDK non-upgradeable modules, i.e. the modules that are
|
||||
* included in the hashes in java.base.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
private static class HashedModules {
|
||||
static Set<String> HASHED_MODULES = hashedModules();
|
||||
|
||||
static Set<String> hashedModules() {
|
||||
|
||||
Optional<ResolvedModule> resolvedModule = ModuleLayer.boot()
|
||||
.configuration()
|
||||
.findModule("java.base");
|
||||
assert resolvedModule.isPresent();
|
||||
ModuleReference mref = resolvedModule.get().reference();
|
||||
assert mref instanceof ModuleReferenceImpl;
|
||||
ModuleHashes hashes = ((ModuleReferenceImpl)mref).recordedHashes();
|
||||
if (hashes != null) {
|
||||
Set<String> names = new HashSet<>(hashes.names());
|
||||
names.add("java.base");
|
||||
return names;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
return Set.of();
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
static boolean contains(Module m) {
|
||||
return HASHED_MODULES.contains(m.getName());
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* Returns an array of StackTraceElements of the given depth
|
||||
* filled from the backtrace of a given Throwable.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
static StackTraceElement[] of(Throwable x, int depth) {
|
||||
StackTraceElement[] stackTrace = new StackTraceElement[depth];
|
||||
for (int i = 0; i < depth; i++) {
|
||||
stackTrace[i] = new StackTraceElement();
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// VM to fill in StackTraceElement
|
||||
initStackTraceElements(stackTrace, x);
|
||||
|
||||
// ensure the proper StackTraceElement initialization
|
||||
for (StackTraceElement ste : stackTrace) {
|
||||
ste.computeFormat();
|
||||
}
|
||||
return stackTrace;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* Returns a StackTraceElement from a given StackFrameInfo.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
static StackTraceElement of(StackFrameInfo sfi) {
|
||||
StackTraceElement ste = new StackTraceElement();
|
||||
initStackTraceElement(ste, sfi);
|
||||
|
||||
ste.computeFormat();
|
||||
return ste;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* Sets the given stack trace elements with the backtrace
|
||||
* of the given Throwable.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
private static native void initStackTraceElements(StackTraceElement[] elements,
|
||||
Throwable x);
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* Sets the given stack trace element with the given StackFrameInfo
|
||||
*/
|
||||
private static native void initStackTraceElement(StackTraceElement element,
|
||||
StackFrameInfo sfi);
|
||||
|
||||
private static final long serialVersionUID = 6992337162326171013L;
|
||||
}
|
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue