8029800: Flags.java uses String.toLowerCase without specifying Locale

Introducing StringUtils.toLowerCase/toUpperCase independent on the default locale, converting almost all usages of String.toLowerCase/toUpperCase to use the new methods.

Reviewed-by: jjg, bpatel

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/classfile/Instruction.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2009, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2009, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@
 
 package com.sun.tools.classfile;
 
+import java.util.Locale;
+
 /**
  * See JVMS, chapter 6.
  *
@@ -211,7 +213,7 @@ public class Instruction {
         if (opcode == null)
             return "bytecode " + getUnsignedByte(0);
         else
-            return opcode.toString().toLowerCase();
+            return opcode.toString().toLowerCase(Locale.US);
     }
 
     /** Get the length, in bytes, of this instruction, including the opcode

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/doclets/formats/html/ConfigurationImpl.java

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ import com.sun.tools.doclets.internal.toolkit.util.*;
 import com.sun.tools.doclint.DocLint;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.file.JavacFileManager;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Context;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 import com.sun.tools.javadoc.RootDocImpl;
 
 /**
@@ -237,7 +238,7 @@ public class ConfigurationImpl extends Configuration {
     public void setSpecificDocletOptions(String[][] options) {
         for (int oi = 0; oi < options.length; ++oi) {
             String[] os = options[oi];
-            String opt = os[0].toLowerCase();
+            String opt = StringUtils.toLowerCase(os[0]);
             if (opt.equals("-footer")) {
                 footer = os[1];
             } else if (opt.equals("-header")) {
@@ -325,7 +326,7 @@ public class ConfigurationImpl extends Configuration {
             return result;
         }
         // otherwise look for the options we have added
-        option = option.toLowerCase();
+        option = StringUtils.toLowerCase(option);
         if (option.equals("-nodeprecatedlist") ||
             option.equals("-noindex") ||
             option.equals("-notree") ||
@@ -389,7 +390,7 @@ public class ConfigurationImpl extends Configuration {
         // otherwise look at our options
         for (int oi = 0; oi < options.length; ++oi) {
             String[] os = options[oi];
-            String opt = os[0].toLowerCase();
+            String opt = StringUtils.toLowerCase(os[0]);
             if (opt.equals("-helpfile")) {
                 if (nohelp == true) {
                     reporter.printError(getText("doclet.Option_conflict",

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/doclets/formats/html/HtmlDocletWriter.java

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ import com.sun.tools.doclets.formats.html.markup.*;
 import com.sun.tools.doclets.internal.toolkit.*;
 import com.sun.tools.doclets.internal.toolkit.taglets.*;
 import com.sun.tools.doclets.internal.toolkit.util.*;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 
 /**
  * Class for the Html Format Code Generation specific to JavaDoc.
@@ -138,17 +139,17 @@ public class HtmlDocletWriter extends HtmlDocWriter {
         if (index < 0) {
             return htmlstr;
         }
-        String lowerHtml = htmlstr.toLowerCase();
+        String lowerHtml = StringUtils.toLowerCase(htmlstr);
+        final String docroot = "{@docroot}";
         // Return index of first occurrence of {@docroot}
         // Note: {@docRoot} is not case sensitive when passed in w/command line option
-        index = lowerHtml.indexOf("{@docroot}", index);
+        index = lowerHtml.indexOf(docroot, index);
         if (index < 0) {
             return htmlstr;
         }
         StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
         int previndex = 0;
         while (true) {
-            final String docroot = "{@docroot}";
             // Search for lowercase version of {@docRoot}
             index = lowerHtml.indexOf(docroot, previndex);
             // If next {@docRoot} tag not found, append rest of htmlstr and exit loop
@@ -1689,13 +1690,13 @@ public class HtmlDocletWriter extends HtmlDocWriter {
         }
 
         //Redirect all relative links.
-        int end, begin = text.toLowerCase().indexOf("<a");
+        int end, begin = StringUtils.toLowerCase(text).indexOf("<a");
         if(begin >= 0){
             StringBuilder textBuff = new StringBuilder(text);
 
             while(begin >=0){
                 if (textBuff.length() > begin + 2 && ! Character.isWhitespace(textBuff.charAt(begin+2))) {
-                    begin = textBuff.toString().toLowerCase().indexOf("<a", begin + 1);
+                    begin = StringUtils.toLowerCase(textBuff.toString()).indexOf("<a", begin + 1);
                     continue;
                 }
 
@@ -1722,15 +1723,16 @@ public class HtmlDocletWriter extends HtmlDocWriter {
                     }
                 }
                 String relativeLink = textBuff.substring(begin, end);
-                if (!(relativeLink.toLowerCase().startsWith("mailto:") ||
+                String relativeLinkLowerCase = StringUtils.toLowerCase(relativeLink);
-                        relativeLink.toLowerCase().startsWith("http:") ||
+                if (!(relativeLinkLowerCase.startsWith("mailto:") ||
-                        relativeLink.toLowerCase().startsWith("https:") ||
+                        relativeLinkLowerCase.startsWith("http:") ||
-                        relativeLink.toLowerCase().startsWith("file:"))) {
+                        relativeLinkLowerCase.startsWith("https:") ||
+                        relativeLinkLowerCase.startsWith("file:"))) {
                     relativeLink = "{@"+(new DocRootTaglet()).getName() + "}/"
                         + redirectPathFromRoot.resolve(relativeLink).getPath();
                     textBuff.replace(begin, end, relativeLink);
                 }
-                begin = textBuff.toString().toLowerCase().indexOf("<a", begin + 1);
+                begin = StringUtils.toLowerCase(textBuff.toString()).indexOf("<a", begin + 1);
             }
             return textBuff.toString();
         }
@@ -1771,7 +1773,7 @@ public class HtmlDocletWriter extends HtmlDocWriter {
                     break main;
                 ch = text.charAt(currPos);
             }
-            if (ch == '>' && blockTags.contains(text.substring(tagPos, currPos).toLowerCase())) {
+            if (ch == '>' && blockTags.contains(StringUtils.toLowerCase(text.substring(tagPos, currPos)))) {
                 result.append(text, startPos, lessThanPos);
                 startPos = currPos + 1;
             }

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/doclets/formats/html/MethodWriterImpl.java

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ import com.sun.javadoc.*;
 import com.sun.tools.doclets.formats.html.markup.*;
 import com.sun.tools.doclets.internal.toolkit.*;
 import com.sun.tools.doclets.internal.toolkit.util.*;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 
 /**
  * Writes method documentation in HTML format.
@@ -338,7 +339,7 @@ public class MethodWriterImpl extends AbstractExecutableMemberWriter
             return "";
         }
 
-        String lc = tag.toLowerCase();
+        String lc = StringUtils.toLowerCase(tag);
         int begin = lc.indexOf("<code>");
         int end = lc.indexOf("</code>");
         if(begin == -1 || end == -1 || end <= begin){

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/doclets/formats/html/markup/HtmlAttr.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2010, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@
 
 package com.sun.tools.doclets.formats.html.markup;
 
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
+
 /**
  * Enum representing HTML tag attributes.
  *
@@ -64,7 +66,7 @@ public enum HtmlAttr {
     private final String value;
 
     HtmlAttr() {
-        this.value = name().toLowerCase();
+        this.value = StringUtils.toLowerCase(name());
     }
 
     HtmlAttr(String name) {

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/doclets/formats/html/markup/HtmlTag.java

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 
 package com.sun.tools.doclets.formats.html.markup;
 
-import java.util.Locale;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 
 /**
  * Enum representing HTML tags.
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ public enum HtmlTag {
     HtmlTag(BlockType blockType, EndTag endTag ) {
         this.blockType = blockType;
         this.endTag = endTag;
-        this.value = name().toLowerCase(Locale.US);
+        this.value = StringUtils.toLowerCase(name());
     }
 
     /**

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/doclets/internal/toolkit/Configuration.java

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import java.io.*;
 import java.util.*;
 import java.util.regex.Matcher;
 import java.util.regex.Pattern;
+import javax.tools.JavaFileManager;
 
 import com.sun.javadoc.*;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.sym.Profiles;
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ import com.sun.tools.javac.jvm.Profile;
 import com.sun.tools.doclets.internal.toolkit.builders.BuilderFactory;
 import com.sun.tools.doclets.internal.toolkit.taglets.*;
 import com.sun.tools.doclets.internal.toolkit.util.*;
-import javax.tools.JavaFileManager;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 
 /**
  * Configure the output based on the options. Doclets should sub-class
@@ -337,7 +338,7 @@ public abstract class Configuration {
      * Negative value means error occurred.
      */
     public int optionLength(String option) {
-        option = option.toLowerCase();
+        option = StringUtils.toLowerCase(option);
         if (option.equals("-author") ||
             option.equals("-docfilessubdirs") ||
             option.equals("-javafx") ||
@@ -454,7 +455,7 @@ public abstract class Configuration {
         // the output directory has already been created: so do that first.
         for (int oi = 0; oi < options.length; ++oi) {
             String[] os = options[oi];
-            String opt = os[0].toLowerCase();
+            String opt = StringUtils.toLowerCase(os[0]);
             if (opt.equals("-d")) {
                 destDirName = addTrailingFileSep(os[1]);
                 docFileDestDirName = destDirName;
@@ -465,7 +466,7 @@ public abstract class Configuration {
 
         for (int oi = 0; oi < options.length; ++oi) {
             String[] os = options[oi];
-            String opt = os[0].toLowerCase();
+            String opt = StringUtils.toLowerCase(os[0]);
             if (opt.equals("-docfilessubdirs")) {
                 copydocfilesubdirs = true;
             } else if (opt.equals("-docencoding")) {
@@ -708,7 +709,7 @@ public abstract class Configuration {
         String encoding = "";
         for (int oi = 0; oi < options.length; oi++) {
             String[] os = options[oi];
-            String opt = os[0].toLowerCase();
+            String opt = StringUtils.toLowerCase(os[0]);
             if (opt.equals("-docencoding")) {
                 docencodingfound = true;
                 if (!checkOutputFileEncoding(os[1], reporter)) {

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/doclets/internal/toolkit/builders/MemberSummaryBuilder.java

@@ -384,13 +384,13 @@ public class MemberSummaryBuilder extends AbstractMemberBuilder {
                 commentTextBuilder.append(
                         MessageFormat.format(
                                 configuration.getText("doclet.PropertySetterWithName"),
-                                Util.propertyNameFromMethodName(member.name())));
+                                Util.propertyNameFromMethodName(configuration, member.name())));
             }
             if (isGetter) {
                 commentTextBuilder.append(
                         MessageFormat.format(
                                 configuration.getText("doclet.PropertyGetterWithName"),
-                                Util.propertyNameFromMethodName(member.name())));
+                                Util.propertyNameFromMethodName(configuration, member.name())));
             }
             if (propertyDoc.commentText() != null
                         && !propertyDoc.commentText().isEmpty()) {

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/doclets/internal/toolkit/builders/SerializedFormBuilder.java

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ import java.util.*;
 import com.sun.javadoc.*;
 import com.sun.tools.doclets.internal.toolkit.*;
 import com.sun.tools.doclets.internal.toolkit.util.*;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 
 /**
  * Builds the serialized form.
@@ -567,7 +568,7 @@ public class SerializedFormBuilder extends AbstractBuilder {
         }
         Tag[] serial = doc.tags("serial");
         if (serial.length > 0) {
-            String serialtext = serial[0].text().toLowerCase();
+            String serialtext = StringUtils.toLowerCase(serial[0].text());
             if (serialtext.indexOf("exclude") >= 0) {
                 return false;
             } else if (serialtext.indexOf("include") >= 0) {

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/doclets/internal/toolkit/taglets/SimpleTaglet.java

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ package com.sun.tools.doclets.internal.toolkit.taglets;
 import com.sun.javadoc.*;
 import com.sun.tools.doclets.internal.toolkit.Content;
 import com.sun.tools.doclets.internal.toolkit.util.DocFinder;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 
 /**
  * A simple single argument custom tag.
@@ -110,7 +111,7 @@ public class SimpleTaglet extends BaseTaglet implements InheritableTaglet {
     public SimpleTaglet(String tagName, String header, String locations) {
         this.tagName = tagName;
         this.header = header;
-        locations = locations.toLowerCase();
+        locations = StringUtils.toLowerCase(locations);
         if (locations.indexOf(ALL) != -1 && locations.indexOf(EXCLUDED) == -1) {
             this.locations = PACKAGE + TYPE + FIELD + METHOD + CONSTRUCTOR + OVERVIEW;
         } else {

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/doclets/internal/toolkit/taglets/TagletManager.java

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ import javax.tools.JavaFileManager;
 
 import com.sun.javadoc.*;
 import com.sun.tools.doclets.internal.toolkit.util.*;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 
 /**
  * Manages the<code>Taglet</code>s used by doclets.
@@ -304,7 +305,7 @@ public class TagletManager {
             return;
         }
         Taglet tag = customTags.get(tagName);
-        locations = locations.toLowerCase();
+        locations = StringUtils.toLowerCase(locations);
         if (tag == null || header != null) {
             customTags.remove(tagName);
             customTags.put(tagName, new SimpleTaglet(tagName, header, locations));
@@ -375,7 +376,7 @@ public class TagletManager {
                 name = name.substring(1, name.length());
             }
             if (! (standardTags.contains(name) || customTags.containsKey(name))) {
-                if (standardTagsLowercase.contains(name.toLowerCase())) {
+                if (standardTagsLowercase.contains(StringUtils.toLowerCase(name))) {
                     message.warning(tags[i].position(), "doclet.UnknownTagLowercase", tags[i].name());
                     continue;
                 } else {
@@ -708,7 +709,7 @@ public class TagletManager {
     private void initStandardTagsLowercase() {
         Iterator<String> it = standardTags.iterator();
         while (it.hasNext()) {
-            standardTagsLowercase.add(it.next().toLowerCase());
+            standardTagsLowercase.add(StringUtils.toLowerCase(it.next()));
         }
     }
 

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/doclets/internal/toolkit/util/Util.java

@@ -28,11 +28,12 @@ package com.sun.tools.doclets.internal.toolkit.util;
 import java.io.*;
 import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
 import java.util.*;
+import javax.tools.StandardLocation;
 
 import com.sun.javadoc.*;
 import com.sun.javadoc.AnnotationDesc.ElementValuePair;
 import com.sun.tools.doclets.internal.toolkit.*;
-import javax.tools.StandardLocation;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 
 /**
  * Utilities Class for Doclets.
@@ -253,8 +254,8 @@ public class Util {
      */
     private static class TypeComparator implements Comparator<Type> {
         public int compare(Type type1, Type type2) {
-            return type1.qualifiedTypeName().toLowerCase().compareTo(
+            return type1.qualifiedTypeName().compareToIgnoreCase(
-                type2.qualifiedTypeName().toLowerCase());
+                type2.qualifiedTypeName());
         }
     }
 
@@ -589,7 +590,7 @@ public class Util {
             typeName = "doclet.Enum";
         }
         return config.getText(
-            lowerCaseOnly ? typeName.toLowerCase() : typeName);
+            lowerCaseOnly ? StringUtils.toLowerCase(typeName) : typeName);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -724,7 +725,7 @@ public class Util {
      * @param name name of the getter or setter method.
      * @return the name of the property of the given setter of getter.
      */
-    public static String propertyNameFromMethodName(String name) {
+    public static String propertyNameFromMethodName(Configuration configuration, String name) {
         String propertyName = null;
         if (name.startsWith("get") || name.startsWith("set")) {
             propertyName = name.substring(3);
@@ -734,7 +735,7 @@ public class Util {
         if ((propertyName == null) || propertyName.isEmpty()){
             return "";
         }
-        return propertyName.substring(0, 1).toLowerCase()
+        return propertyName.substring(0, 1).toLowerCase(configuration.getLocale())
                 + propertyName.substring(1);
     }
 

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/doclets/internal/toolkit/util/VisibleMemberMap.java

@@ -702,7 +702,7 @@ public class VisibleMemberMap {
         private boolean isPropertyGetterOrSetter(MethodDoc[] members,
                                                  MethodDoc methodDoc) {
             boolean found = false;
-            String propertyName = Util.propertyNameFromMethodName(methodDoc.name());
+            String propertyName = Util.propertyNameFromMethodName(configuration, methodDoc.name());
             if (!propertyName.isEmpty()) {
                 String propertyMethodName = propertyName + "Property";
                 for (MethodDoc member: members) {

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/doclint/Checker.java

@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ import com.sun.source.util.DocTreePathScanner;
 import com.sun.source.util.TreePath;
 import com.sun.tools.doclint.HtmlTag.AttrKind;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.DocPretty;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 import static com.sun.tools.doclint.Messages.Group.*;
 
 
@@ -243,7 +244,7 @@ public class Checker extends DocTreePathScanner<Void, Void> {
         markEnclosingTag(Flag.HAS_TEXT);
         String name = tree.getName().toString();
         if (name.startsWith("#")) {
-            int v = name.toLowerCase().startsWith("#x")
+            int v = StringUtils.toLowerCase(name).startsWith("#x")
                     ? Integer.parseInt(name.substring(2), 16)
                     : Integer.parseInt(name.substring(1), 10);
             if (!Entity.isValid(v)) {

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/doclint/Env.java

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ import com.sun.source.util.SourcePositions;
 import com.sun.source.util.TreePath;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.model.JavacTypes;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 
 /**
  * Utility container for current execution environment,
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ public class Env {
 
         static boolean accepts(String opt) {
             for (AccessKind g: values())
-                if (opt.equals(g.name().toLowerCase())) return true;
+                if (opt.equals(StringUtils.toLowerCase(g.name()))) return true;
             return false;
         }
 

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/doclint/HtmlTag.java

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ import java.util.Map;
 import javax.lang.model.element.Name;
 
 import static com.sun.tools.doclint.HtmlTag.Attr.*;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 
 /**
  * Enum representing HTML tags.
@@ -352,7 +353,7 @@ public enum HtmlTag {
         WIDTH;
 
         public String getText() {
-            return toLowerCase(name());
+            return StringUtils.toLowerCase(name());
         }
 
         static final Map<String,Attr> index = new HashMap<String,Attr>();
@@ -431,11 +432,11 @@ public enum HtmlTag {
     }
 
     public String getText() {
-        return toLowerCase(name());
+        return StringUtils.toLowerCase(name());
     }
 
     public Attr getAttr(Name attrName) {
-        return Attr.index.get(toLowerCase(attrName.toString()));
+        return Attr.index.get(StringUtils.toLowerCase(attrName.toString()));
     }
 
     public AttrKind getAttrKind(Name attrName) {
@@ -457,10 +458,7 @@ public enum HtmlTag {
     }
 
     static HtmlTag get(Name tagName) {
-        return index.get(toLowerCase(tagName.toString()));
+        return index.get(StringUtils.toLowerCase(tagName.toString()));
     }
 
-    private static String toLowerCase(String s) {
-        return s.toLowerCase(Locale.US);
-    }
 }

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/doclint/Messages.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ import javax.tools.Diagnostic;
 import com.sun.source.doctree.DocTree;
 import com.sun.source.tree.Tree;
 import com.sun.tools.doclint.Env.AccessKind;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 
 /**
  * Message reporting for DocLint.
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ public class Messages {
         SYNTAX,
         REFERENCE;
 
-        String optName() { return name().toLowerCase(); }
+        String optName() { return StringUtils.toLowerCase(name()); }
         String notOptName() { return "-" + optName(); }
 
         static boolean accepts(String opt) {
@@ -158,7 +159,7 @@ public class Messages {
 
         static boolean isValidOptions(String opts) {
             for (String opt: opts.split(",")) {
-                if (!isValidOption(opt.trim().toLowerCase()))
+                if (!isValidOption(StringUtils.toLowerCase(opt.trim())))
                     return false;
             }
             return true;
@@ -203,7 +204,7 @@ public class Messages {
                 setOption(ALL, Env.AccessKind.PRIVATE);
             else {
                 for (String opt: opts.split(","))
-                    setOption(opt.trim().toLowerCase());
+                    setOption(StringUtils.toLowerCase(opt.trim()));
             }
         }
 
@@ -215,7 +216,7 @@ public class Messages {
 
             int sep = arg.indexOf("/");
             if (sep > 0) {
-                Env.AccessKind ak = Env.AccessKind.valueOf(arg.substring(sep + 1).toUpperCase());
+                Env.AccessKind ak = Env.AccessKind.valueOf(StringUtils.toUpperCase(arg.substring(sep + 1)));
                 setOption(arg.substring(0, sep), ak);
             } else {
                 setOption(arg, null);
@@ -290,7 +291,7 @@ public class Messages {
             out.println("By diagnostic kind...");
             Table dkindTable = new Table();
             for (Diagnostic.Kind k : Diagnostic.Kind.values()) {
-                dkindTable.put(k.toString().toLowerCase(), dkindCounts[k.ordinal()]);
+                dkindTable.put(StringUtils.toLowerCase(k.toString()), dkindCounts[k.ordinal()]);
             }
             dkindTable.print(out);
             out.println();

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/Flags.java

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ import java.util.Set;
 import javax.lang.model.element.Modifier;
 
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Assert;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 
 /** Access flags and other modifiers for Java classes and members.
  *
@@ -388,7 +389,7 @@ public class Flags {
 
         Flag(long flag) {
             this.value = flag;
-            this.lowercaseName = name().toLowerCase();
+            this.lowercaseName = StringUtils.toLowerCase(name());
         }
 
         @Override

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/file/Locations.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2003, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ import com.sun.tools.javac.main.Option;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.ListBuffer;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Log;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Options;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 
 import javax.tools.JavaFileManager;
 import javax.tools.StandardJavaFileManager;
@@ -717,7 +718,7 @@ public class Locations {
 
     /** Is this the name of an archive file? */
     private boolean isArchive(File file) {
-        String n = file.getName().toLowerCase();
+        String n = StringUtils.toLowerCase(file.getName());
         return fsInfo.isFile(file)
             && (n.endsWith(".jar") || n.endsWith(".zip"));
     }

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/main/Option.java

@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Log;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Log.PrefixKind;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Log.WriterKind;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Options;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.main.Option.ChoiceKind.*;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.main.Option.OptionGroup.*;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.main.Option.OptionKind.*;
@@ -713,7 +714,7 @@ public enum Option {
             String v = options.get(XPKGINFO);
             return (v == null
                     ? PkgInfo.LEGACY
-                    : PkgInfo.valueOf(v.toUpperCase()));
+                    : PkgInfo.valueOf(StringUtils.toUpperCase(v)));
         }
     }
 

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/parser/DocCommentParser.java

@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Name;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Names;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Options;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Position;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 import static com.sun.tools.javac.util.LayoutCharacters.*;
 
 /**
@@ -993,7 +994,7 @@ public class DocCommentParser {
                     "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6", "p", "pre"));
 
     protected boolean isSentenceBreak(Name n) {
-        return htmlBlockTags.contains(n.toString().toLowerCase());
+        return htmlBlockTags.contains(StringUtils.toLowerCase(n.toString()));
     }
 
     protected boolean isSentenceBreak(DCTree t) {

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/processing/PrintingProcessor.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2005, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  *
  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ import javax.lang.model.util.*;
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
 import java.io.Writer;
 import java.util.*;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 
 /**
  * A processor which prints out elements.  Used to implement the
@@ -202,7 +203,7 @@ public class PrintingProcessor extends AbstractProcessor {
                     writer.print("@interface");
                     break;
                 default:
-                    writer.print(kind.toString().toLowerCase());
+                    writer.print(StringUtils.toLowerCase(kind.toString()));
                 }
                 writer.print(" ");
                 writer.print(e.getSimpleName());

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/util/StringUtils.java

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package com.sun.tools.javac.util;
+
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+/** A collection of utilities for String manipulation.
+ *
+ *  <p><b>This is NOT part of any supported API.
+ *  If you write code that depends on this, you do so at your own risk.
+ *  This code and its internal interfaces are subject to change or
+ *  deletion without notice.</b>
+ */
+public class StringUtils {
+
+    /**Converts the given String to lower case using the {@link Locale#US US Locale}. The result
+     * is independent of the default Locale in the current JVM instance.
+     */
+    public static String toLowerCase(String source) {
+        return source.toLowerCase(Locale.US);
+    }
+
+    /**Converts the given String to upper case using the {@link Locale#US US Locale}. The result
+     * is independent of the default Locale in the current JVM instance.
+     */
+    public static String toUpperCase(String source) {
+        return source.toUpperCase(Locale.US);
+    }
+
+}

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javap/AttributeWriter.java

@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ import com.sun.tools.classfile.StackMap_attribute;
 import com.sun.tools.classfile.Synthetic_attribute;
 
 import static com.sun.tools.classfile.AccessFlags.*;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 
 /*
  *  A writer for writing Attributes as text.
@@ -717,14 +718,14 @@ public class AttributeWriter extends BasicWriter
     }
 
     static String toHex(int i) {
-        return Integer.toString(i, 16).toUpperCase();
+        return StringUtils.toUpperCase(Integer.toString(i, 16));
     }
 
     static String toHex(int i, int w) {
-        String s = Integer.toHexString(i).toUpperCase();
+        String s = StringUtils.toUpperCase(Integer.toHexString(i));
         while (s.length() < w)
             s = "0" + s;
-        return s.toUpperCase();
+        return StringUtils.toUpperCase(s);
     }
 
     private AnnotationWriter annotationWriter;

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javap/TypeAnnotationWriter.java

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 
 /**
  * Annotate instructions with details about type annotations.
@@ -115,7 +116,7 @@ public class TypeAnnotationWriter extends InstructionDetailWriter {
                 print("@");
                 annotationWriter.write(n.anno, false, true);
                 print(", ");
-                println(n.kind.toString().toLowerCase());
+                println(StringUtils.toLowerCase(n.kind.toString()));
             }
         }
     }

langtools/src/share/classes/com/sun/tools/sjavac/server/CompilerThread.java

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ import javax.tools.StandardJavaFileManager;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Context;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Log;
 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.BaseFileManager;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
 import com.sun.tools.sjavac.comp.Dependencies;
 import com.sun.tools.sjavac.comp.JavaCompilerWithDeps;
 import com.sun.tools.sjavac.comp.SmartFileManager;
@@ -256,7 +257,7 @@ public class CompilerThread implements Runnable {
             // Load visible sources
             Set<URI> visibleSources = new HashSet<URI>();
             boolean fix_drive_letter_case =
-                System.getProperty("os.name").toLowerCase().startsWith("windows");
+                StringUtils.toLowerCase(System.getProperty("os.name")).startsWith("windows");
             for (;;) {
                 String l = in.readLine();
                 if (l == null)

langtools/test/tools/javac/NoStringToLower.java

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8029800
+ * @summary String.toLowerCase()/toUpperCase is generally dangerous, check it is not used in langtools
+ */
+
+import java.io.*;
+import java.util.*;
+import javax.tools.*;
+import com.sun.tools.classfile.*;
+import com.sun.tools.classfile.ConstantPool.CONSTANT_Methodref_info;
+
+public class NoStringToLower {
+    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
+        NoStringToLower c = new NoStringToLower();
+        if (c.run(args))
+            return;
+
+        if (is_jtreg())
+            throw new Exception(c.errors + " errors occurred");
+        else
+            System.exit(1);
+    }
+
+    static boolean is_jtreg() {
+        return (System.getProperty("test.src") != null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Main entry point.
+     */
+    boolean run(String... args) throws Exception {
+        JavaCompiler c = ToolProvider.getSystemJavaCompiler();
+        JavaFileManager fm = c.getStandardFileManager(null, null, null);
+        JavaFileManager.Location javacLoc = findJavacLocation(fm);
+        String[] pkgs = {
+            "javax.annotation.processing",
+            "javax.lang.model",
+            "javax.tools",
+            "com.sun.source",
+            "com.sun.tools"
+        };
+        for (String pkg: pkgs) {
+            for (JavaFileObject fo: fm.list(javacLoc,
+                    pkg, EnumSet.of(JavaFileObject.Kind.CLASS), true)) {
+                scan(fo);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return (errors == 0);
+    }
+
+    // depending on how the test is run, javac may be on bootclasspath or classpath
+    JavaFileManager.Location findJavacLocation(JavaFileManager fm) {
+        JavaFileManager.Location[] locns =
+            { StandardLocation.PLATFORM_CLASS_PATH, StandardLocation.CLASS_PATH };
+        try {
+            for (JavaFileManager.Location l: locns) {
+                JavaFileObject fo = fm.getJavaFileForInput(l,
+                    "com.sun.tools.javac.Main", JavaFileObject.Kind.CLASS);
+                if (fo != null)
+                    return l;
+            }
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            throw new Error(e);
+        }
+        throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot find javac");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Verify there are no references to String.toLowerCase() in a class file.
+     */
+    void scan(JavaFileObject fo) throws IOException {
+        InputStream in = fo.openInputStream();
+        try {
+            ClassFile cf = ClassFile.read(in);
+            for (ConstantPool.CPInfo cpinfo: cf.constant_pool.entries()) {
+                if (cpinfo.getTag() == ConstantPool.CONSTANT_Methodref) {
+                    CONSTANT_Methodref_info ref = (CONSTANT_Methodref_info) cpinfo;
+                    String methodDesc = ref.getClassInfo().getName() + "." + ref.getNameAndTypeInfo().getName() + ":" + ref.getNameAndTypeInfo().getType();
+
+                    if ("java/lang/String.toLowerCase:()Ljava/lang/String;".equals(methodDesc)) {
+                        error("found reference to String.toLowerCase() in: " + fo.getName());
+                    }
+                    if ("java/lang/String.toUpperCase:()Ljava/lang/String;".equals(methodDesc)) {
+                        error("found reference to String.toLowerCase() in: " + fo.getName());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        } catch (ConstantPoolException ignore) {
+        } finally {
+            in.close();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Report an error.
+     */
+    void error(String msg) {
+        System.err.println("Error: " + msg);
+        errors++;
+    }
+
+    int errors;
+}

langtools/test/tools/javac/util/StringUtilsTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8029800
+ * @summary Unit test StringUtils
+ * @run main StringUtilsTest
+ */
+
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.StringUtils;
+
+public class StringUtilsTest {
+    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
+        new StringUtilsTest().run();
+    }
+
+    void run() throws Exception {
+        Locale.setDefault(new Locale("tr", "TR"));
+
+        //verify the properties of the default locale:
+        assertEquals("\u0131", "I".toLowerCase());
+        assertEquals("\u0130", "i".toUpperCase());
+
+        //verify the StringUtils does what it should
+        assertEquals("i", StringUtils.toLowerCase("I"));
+        assertEquals("I", StringUtils.toUpperCase("i"));
+
+        //verify we can use index from indexOf of toLowerCase String in the original:
+        assertEquals(2, StringUtils.toLowerCase("\u0130\u0130lookFor").indexOf("lookfor"));
+    }
+
+    void assertEquals(String expected, String actual) {
+        if (!Objects.equals(expected, actual)) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("expected=" + expected + "; actual=" + actual);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void assertEquals(int expected, int actual) {
+        if (expected != actual) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("expected=" + expected + "; actual=" + actual);
+        }
+    }
+}