jdk/src/java.base/share/classes/java/text/ChoiceFormat.java
2024-02-26 23:43:52 +00:00

715 lines
27 KiB
Java

/*
* Copyright (c) 1996, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
*
* This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
* published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
* particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
* by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
*
* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
* accompanied this code).
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
*
* Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
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/*
* (C) Copyright Taligent, Inc. 1996, 1997 - All Rights Reserved
* (C) Copyright IBM Corp. 1996 - 1998 - All Rights Reserved
*
* The original version of this source code and documentation is copyrighted
* and owned by Taligent, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of IBM. These
* materials are provided under terms of a License Agreement between Taligent
* and Sun. This technology is protected by multiple US and International
* patents. This notice and attribution to Taligent may not be removed.
* Taligent is a registered trademark of Taligent, Inc.
*
*/
package java.text;
import java.io.InvalidObjectException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Objects;
/**
* {@code ChoiceFormat} is a concrete subclass of {@code NumberFormat} that
* allows you to attach a format to a range of numbers.
* It is generally used in a {@link MessageFormat} for handling plurals.
* The choice is specified with an ascending list of doubles, where each item
* specifies a half-open interval up to the next item:
* <blockquote>
* <pre>
* X matches j if and only if limit[j] &le; X &lt; limit[j+1]
* </pre>
* </blockquote>
* If there is no match, then either the first or last index is used, depending
* on whether the number (X) is too low or too high. If the limit array is not
* in ascending order, the results of formatting will be incorrect. ChoiceFormat
* also accepts <code>&#92;u221E</code> as equivalent to infinity(INF).
*
* <p>
* <strong>Note:</strong>
* {@code ChoiceFormat} differs from the other {@code Format}
* classes in that you create a {@code ChoiceFormat} object with a
* constructor (not with a {@code getInstance} style factory
* method). The factory methods aren't necessary because {@code ChoiceFormat}
* doesn't require any complex setup for a given locale. In fact,
* {@code ChoiceFormat} doesn't implement any locale specific behavior.
*
* <h2><a id="patterns">Patterns</a></h2>
* A {@code ChoiceFormat} pattern has the following syntax:
* <blockquote>
* <dl>
* <dt><i>Pattern:</i>
* <dd>SubPattern *("|" SubPattern)
* </dl>
*
* <dl>
* <dt><i>SubPattern:</i>
* <dd>Limit Relation Format
* <dd><sub>Note: Each additional SubPattern must have an ascending Limit-Relation interval</sub></dd>
* </dl>
*
* <dl>
* <dt><i>Limit:</i>
* <dd>Number / "&infin;" / "-&infin;"
* </dl>
*
* <dl>
* <dt><i>Number:</i>
* <dd>["-"] *(Digit) 1*(Decimal / Digit) *(Digit) [Exponent]
* </dl>
*
* <dl>
* <dt><i>Decimal:</i>
* <dd>1*(Digit ".") / 1*("." Digit)
* </dl>
*
* <dl>
* <dt><i>Digit:</i>
* <dd>0 - 9
* </dl>
*
* <dl>
* <dt><i>Exponent:</i>
* <dd>*(Digit) Digit ExponentSymbol Digit *(Digit)
* </dl>
*
* <dl>
* <dt><i>ExponentSymbol:</i>
* <dd>"e" / "E"
* </dl>
*
* <dl>
* <dt><i>Relation:</i>
* <dd>"#" / "&lt;" / "&le;"
* </dl>
*
* <dl>
* <dt><i>Format:</i>
* <dd>Any characters except the special pattern character '|'
* </dl>
*
* </blockquote>
*
* <i>Note:The relation &le; is not equivalent to &lt;&equals;</i>
*
* <p> To use a reserved special pattern character within a <i>Format</i> pattern,
* it must be single quoted. For example, {@code new ChoiceFormat("1#'|'foo'|'").format(1)}
* returns {@code "|foo|"}.
* Use two single quotes in a row to produce a literal single quote. For example,
* {@code new ChoiceFormat("1# ''one'' ").format(1)} returns {@code " 'one' "}.
*
* <h2>Usage Information</h2>
*
* <p>
* A {@code ChoiceFormat} can be constructed using either an array of formats
* and an array of limits or a string pattern. When constructing with
* format and limit arrays, the length of these arrays must be the same.
*
* For example,
* <ul>
* <li>
* <em>limits</em> = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7}<br>
* <em>formats</em> = {"Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thur","Fri","Sat"}
* <li>
* <em>limits</em> = {0, 1, ChoiceFormat.nextDouble(1)}<br>
* <em>formats</em> = {"no files", "one file", "many files"}<br>
* ({@code nextDouble} can be used to get the next higher double, to
* make the half-open interval.)
* </ul>
*
* <p>
* Below is an example of constructing a ChoiceFormat with arrays to format
* and parse values:
* {@snippet lang=java :
* double[] limits = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7};
* String[] dayOfWeekNames = {"Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thur","Fri","Sat"};
* ChoiceFormat form = new ChoiceFormat(limits, dayOfWeekNames);
* ParsePosition status = new ParsePosition(0);
* for (double i = 0.0; i <= 8.0; ++i) {
* status.setIndex(0);
* System.out.println(i + " -> " + form.format(i) + " -> "
* + form.parse(form.format(i),status));
* }
* }
*
* <p>Below is an example of constructing a ChoiceFormat with a String pattern:
* {@snippet lang=java :
* ChoiceFormat fmt = new ChoiceFormat(
* "-1#is negative| 0#is zero or fraction | 1#is one |1.0<is 1+ |2#is two |2<is more than 2.");
*
* System.out.println(fmt.format(Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY)); // outputs "is negative"
* System.out.println(fmt.format(-1.0)); // outputs "is negative"
* System.out.println(fmt.format(0)); // outputs "is zero or fraction"
* System.out.println(fmt.format(0.9)); // outputs "is zero or fraction"
* System.out.println(fmt.format(1)); // outputs "is one"
* System.out.println(fmt.format(1.5)); // outputs "is 1+"
* System.out.println(fmt.format(2)); // outputs "is two"
* System.out.println(fmt.format(2.1)); // outputs "is more than 2."
* System.out.println(fmt.format(Double.NaN)); // outputs "is negative"
* System.out.println(fmt.format(Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY)); // outputs "is more than 2."
* }
*
* <p>
* For more sophisticated patterns, {@code ChoiceFormat} can be used with
* {@link MessageFormat} to produce accurate forms for singular and plural:
* {@snippet lang=java :
* MessageFormat msgFmt = new MessageFormat("The disk \"{0}\" contains {1}.");
* double[] fileLimits = {0,1,2};
* String[] filePart = {"no files","one file","{1,number} files"};
* ChoiceFormat fileChoices = new ChoiceFormat(fileLimits, filePart);
* msgFmt.setFormatByArgumentIndex(1, fileChoices);
* Object[] args = {"MyDisk", 1273};
* System.out.println(msgFmt.format(args));
* }
* The output with different values for {@code fileCount}:
* <blockquote><pre>
* The disk "MyDisk" contains no files.
* The disk "MyDisk" contains one file.
* The disk "MyDisk" contains 1,273 files.
* </pre></blockquote>
* See {@link MessageFormat##pattern_caveats MessageFormat} for caveats regarding
* {@code MessageFormat} patterns within a {@code ChoiceFormat} pattern.
*
* <h2><a id="synchronization">Synchronization</a></h2>
*
* <p>
* Choice formats are not synchronized.
* It is recommended to create separate format instances for each thread.
* If multiple threads access a format concurrently, it must be synchronized
* externally.
*
*
* @see DecimalFormat
* @see MessageFormat
* @author Mark Davis
* @since 1.1
*/
public class ChoiceFormat extends NumberFormat {
// Proclaim serial compatibility with 1.1 FCS
@java.io.Serial
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1795184449645032964L;
/**
* Apply the given pattern to this ChoiceFormat object. The syntax
* for the ChoiceFormat pattern can be seen in the {@linkplain ##patterns
* Patterns} section. Unlike {@link #setChoices(double[], String[])} this
* method will throw an {@code IllegalArgumentException} if the {@code
* limits} are not in ascending order.
* @param newPattern a pattern string
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code newPattern}
* is {@code null}
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code newPattern}
* violates the pattern syntax
* @see #ChoiceFormat(String)
*/
public void applyPattern(String newPattern) {
Objects.requireNonNull(newPattern, "newPattern must not be null");
applyPatternImpl(newPattern);
}
/**
* Implementation of applying a pattern to this ChoiceFormat.
* This method processes a String pattern in accordance with the ChoiceFormat
* pattern syntax and populates the internal {@code limits} and {@code formats}
* array variables. See the {@linkplain ##patterns} section for
* further understanding of certain special characters: "#", "<", "\u2264", "|".
*/
private void applyPatternImpl(String newPattern) {
// Set up components
ArrayList<Double> limits = new ArrayList<>();
ArrayList<String> formats = new ArrayList<>();
StringBuilder[] segments = new StringBuilder[]{new StringBuilder(),
new StringBuilder()};
int part = 0; // 0 denotes LIMIT. 1 denotes FORMAT.
double limit = 0;
boolean inQuote = false;
// Parse the string, alternating the value of part
for (int i = 0; i < newPattern.length(); ++i) {
char ch = newPattern.charAt(i);
switch (ch) {
case '\'':
// Check for "''" indicating a literal quote
if ((i + 1) < newPattern.length() && newPattern.charAt(i + 1) == ch) {
segments[part].append(ch);
++i;
} else {
inQuote = !inQuote;
}
break;
case '<', '#', '\u2264':
if (inQuote || part == 1) {
// Don't interpret relational symbols if parsing the format
segments[part].append(ch);
} else {
// Build the numerical value of the limit
// and switch to parsing format
if (segments[0].isEmpty()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Each interval must" +
" contain a number before a format");
}
limit = stringToNum(segments[0].toString());
if (ch == '<' && Double.isFinite(limit)) {
limit = nextDouble(limit);
}
if (!limits.isEmpty() && limit <= limits.getLast()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Incorrect order " +
"of intervals, must be in ascending order");
}
segments[0].setLength(0);
part = 1;
}
break;
case '|':
if (inQuote) {
segments[part].append(ch);
} else {
if (part != 1) {
// Discard incorrect portion and finish building cFmt
break;
}
// Insert an entry into the format and limit arrays
// and switch to parsing limit
limits.add(limit);
formats.add(segments[1].toString());
segments[1].setLength(0);
part = 0;
}
break;
default:
segments[part].append(ch);
}
}
// clean up last one (SubPattern without trailing '|')
if (part == 1) {
limits.add(limit);
formats.add(segments[1].toString());
}
choiceLimits = limits.stream().mapToDouble(d -> d).toArray();
choiceFormats = formats.toArray(new String[0]);
}
/**
* Converts a string value to its double representation; this is used
* to create the limit segment while applying a pattern.
* Handles "\u221E", as specified by the pattern syntax.
*/
private static double stringToNum(String str) {
return switch (str) {
case "\u221E" -> Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
case "-\u221E" -> Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY;
default -> Double.parseDouble(str);
};
}
/**
* {@return a pattern {@code string} that represents the {@code limits} and
* {@code formats} of this ChoiceFormat object}
*
* The {@code string} returned is not guaranteed to be the same input
* {@code string} passed to either {@link #applyPattern(String)} or
* {@link #ChoiceFormat(String)}.
*
* @see #applyPattern(String)
*/
public String toPattern() {
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < choiceLimits.length; ++i) {
if (i != 0) {
result.append('|');
}
// choose based upon which has less precision
// approximate that by choosing the closest one to an integer.
// could do better, but it's not worth it.
double less = previousDouble(choiceLimits[i]);
double tryLessOrEqual = Math.abs(Math.IEEEremainder(choiceLimits[i], 1.0d));
double tryLess = Math.abs(Math.IEEEremainder(less, 1.0d));
if (tryLessOrEqual < tryLess) {
result.append(choiceLimits[i]);
result.append('#');
} else {
if (choiceLimits[i] == Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY) {
result.append("\u221E");
} else if (choiceLimits[i] == Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY) {
result.append("-\u221E");
} else {
result.append(less);
}
result.append('<');
}
// Append choiceFormats[i], using quotes if there are special characters.
// Single quotes themselves must be escaped in either case.
String text = choiceFormats[i];
boolean needQuote = text.indexOf('<') >= 0
|| text.indexOf('#') >= 0
|| text.indexOf('\u2264') >= 0
|| text.indexOf('|') >= 0;
if (needQuote) result.append('\'');
if (text.indexOf('\'') < 0) result.append(text);
else {
for (int j=0; j<text.length(); ++j) {
char c = text.charAt(j);
result.append(c);
if (c == '\'') result.append(c);
}
}
if (needQuote) result.append('\'');
}
return result.toString();
}
/**
* Constructs a ChoiceFormat with limits and corresponding formats
* based on the pattern.
* The syntax for the ChoiceFormat pattern can be seen in the {@linkplain
* ##patterns Patterns} section.
*
* @param newPattern the new pattern string
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code newPattern} is
* {@code null}
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code newPattern}
* violates the pattern syntax
* @see #applyPattern
*/
public ChoiceFormat(String newPattern) {
Objects.requireNonNull(newPattern, "newPattern must not be null");
applyPatternImpl(newPattern);
}
/**
* Constructs with the limits and the corresponding formats.
*
* @param limits limits in ascending order
* @param formats corresponding format strings
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code limits} or {@code formats}
* is {@code null}
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the length of {@code limits}
* and {@code formats} are not equal
* @see #setChoices
*/
public ChoiceFormat(double[] limits, String[] formats) {
setChoicesImpl(limits, formats);
}
/**
* Set the choices to be used in formatting.
*
* @param limits contains the top value that you want
* parsed with that format, and should be in ascending sorted order. When
* formatting X, the choice will be the i, where
* limit[i] &le; X {@literal <} limit[i+1].
* If the limit array is not in ascending order, the results of formatting
* will be incorrect.
* @param formats are the formats you want to use for each limit.
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code limits} or
* {@code formats} is {@code null}
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the length of {@code limits}
* and {@code formats} are not equal
*/
public void setChoices(double[] limits, String[] formats) {
setChoicesImpl(limits, formats);
}
/**
* Implementation of populating the {@code limits} and
* {@code formats} of this ChoiceFormat. Defensive copies are made.
*/
private void setChoicesImpl(double[] limits, String[] formats) {
if (limits.length != formats.length) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"Input arrays must be of the same length.");
}
choiceLimits = Arrays.copyOf(limits, limits.length);
choiceFormats = Arrays.copyOf(formats, formats.length);
}
/**
* {@return the limits of this ChoiceFormat}
*/
public double[] getLimits() {
return Arrays.copyOf(choiceLimits, choiceLimits.length);
}
/**
* {@return the formats of this ChoiceFormat}
*/
public Object[] getFormats() {
return Arrays.copyOf(choiceFormats, choiceFormats.length);
}
// Overrides
/**
* Specialization of format. This method really calls
* {@link #format(double, StringBuffer, FieldPosition)}.
* Thus, the range of longs that are supported is only equal to
* the range that can be stored by double. This will never be
* a practical limitation.
*
* @param number number to be formatted and substituted.
* @param toAppendTo where text is appended.
* @param status ignore no useful status is returned.
* @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if either the {@code limits}
* or {@code formats} of this ChoiceFormat are empty
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code toAppendTo}
* is {@code null}
*/
@Override
public StringBuffer format(long number, StringBuffer toAppendTo,
FieldPosition status) {
return format((double)number, toAppendTo, status);
}
/**
* Returns pattern with formatted double.
*
* @param number number to be formatted and substituted.
* @param toAppendTo where text is appended.
* @param status ignore no useful status is returned.
* @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if either the {@code limits}
* or {@code formats} of this ChoiceFormat are empty
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code toAppendTo}
* is {@code null}
*/
@Override
public StringBuffer format(double number, StringBuffer toAppendTo,
FieldPosition status) {
// find the number
int i;
for (i = 0; i < choiceLimits.length; ++i) {
if (!(number >= choiceLimits[i])) {
// same as number < choiceLimits, except catches NaN
break;
}
}
--i;
if (i < 0) i = 0;
// return either a formatted number, or a string
return toAppendTo.append(choiceFormats[i]);
}
/**
* Parses a Number from the input text.
* @param text the source text.
* @param status an input-output parameter. On input, the
* status.index field indicates the first character of the
* source text that should be parsed. On exit, if no error
* occurred, status.index is set to the first unparsed character
* in the source text. On exit, if an error did occur,
* status.index is unchanged and status.errorIndex is set to the
* first index of the character that caused the parse to fail.
* @return A Number representing the value of the number parsed.
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code status} is {@code null}
* or if {@code text} is {@code null} and the list of
* choice strings is not empty.
*/
@Override
public Number parse(String text, ParsePosition status) {
// find the best number (defined as the one with the longest parse)
int start = status.index;
int furthest = start;
double bestNumber = Double.NaN;
double tempNumber = 0.0;
for (int i = 0; i < choiceFormats.length; ++i) {
String tempString = choiceFormats[i];
if (text.regionMatches(start, tempString, 0, tempString.length())) {
status.index = start + tempString.length();
tempNumber = choiceLimits[i];
if (status.index > furthest) {
furthest = status.index;
bestNumber = tempNumber;
if (furthest == text.length()) break;
}
}
}
status.index = furthest;
if (status.index == start) {
status.errorIndex = furthest;
}
return Double.valueOf(bestNumber);
}
/**
* Finds the least double greater than {@code d}.
* If {@code NaN}, returns same value.
* <p>Used to make half-open intervals.
*
* @implNote This is equivalent to calling
* {@link Math#nextUp(double) Math.nextUp(d)}
*
* @param d the reference value
* @return the least double value greater than {@code d}
* @see #previousDouble
*/
public static final double nextDouble (double d) {
return Math.nextUp(d);
}
/**
* Finds the least double greater than {@code d} (if {@code positive} is
* {@code true}), or the greatest double less than {@code d} (if
* {@code positive} is {@code false}).
* If {@code NaN}, returns same value.
*
* @implNote This is equivalent to calling
* {@code positive ? Math.nextUp(d) : Math.nextDown(d)}
*
* @param d the reference value
* @param positive {@code true} if the least double is desired;
* {@code false} otherwise
* @return the least or greater double value
*/
public static double nextDouble (double d, boolean positive) {
return positive ? Math.nextUp(d) : Math.nextDown(d);
}
/**
* Finds the greatest double less than {@code d}.
* If {@code NaN}, returns same value.
*
* @implNote This is equivalent to calling
* {@link Math#nextDown(double) Math.nextDown(d)}
*
* @param d the reference value
* @return the greatest double value less than {@code d}
* @see #nextDouble
*/
public static final double previousDouble (double d) {
return Math.nextDown(d);
}
/**
* Overrides Cloneable
*/
@Override
public Object clone() {
ChoiceFormat other = (ChoiceFormat) super.clone();
// for primitives or immutables, shallow clone is enough
other.choiceLimits = choiceLimits.clone();
other.choiceFormats = choiceFormats.clone();
return other;
}
/**
* {@return the hash code for this {@code ChoiceFormat}}
*
* @implSpec This method calculates the hash code value using the values returned by
* {@link #getFormats()} and {@link #getLimits()}.
* @see Object#hashCode()
*/
@Override
public int hashCode() {
int result = choiceLimits.length;
if (choiceFormats.length > 0) {
// enough for reasonable distribution
result ^= choiceFormats[choiceFormats.length-1].hashCode();
}
return result;
}
/**
* {@return a string identifying this {@code ChoiceFormat}, for debugging}
*/
@Override
public String toString() {
return
"""
ChoiceFormat [pattern: "%s"]
""".formatted(toPattern());
}
/**
* Compares the specified object with this {@code ChoiceFormat} for equality.
* Returns true if the object is also a {@code ChoiceFormat} and the
* two formats would format any value the same.
*
* @implSpec This method performs an equality check with a notion of class
* identity based on {@code getClass()}, rather than {@code instanceof}.
* Therefore, in the equals methods in subclasses, no instance of this class
* should compare as equal to an instance of a subclass.
* @param obj object to be compared for equality
* @return {@code true} if the specified object is equal to this {@code ChoiceFormat}
* @see Object#equals(Object)
*/
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj) // quick check
return true;
if (obj == null || getClass() != obj.getClass())
return false;
ChoiceFormat other = (ChoiceFormat) obj;
return (Arrays.equals(choiceLimits, other.choiceLimits)
&& Arrays.equals(choiceFormats, other.choiceFormats));
}
/**
* After reading an object from the input stream, do a simple verification
* to maintain class invariants.
* @throws InvalidObjectException if the objects read from the stream is invalid.
*/
@java.io.Serial
private void readObject(ObjectInputStream in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
in.defaultReadObject();
if (choiceLimits.length != choiceFormats.length) {
throw new InvalidObjectException(
"limits and format arrays of different length.");
}
}
// ===============privates===========================
/**
* A list of lower bounds for the choices. The formatter will return
* {@code choiceFormats[i]} if the number being formatted is greater than or equal to
* {@code choiceLimits[i]} and less than {@code choiceLimits[i+1]}.
* @serial
*/
private double[] choiceLimits;
/**
* A list of choice strings. The formatter will return
* {@code choiceFormats[i]} if the number being formatted is greater than or equal to
* {@code choiceLimits[i]} and less than {@code choiceLimits[i+1]}.
* @serial
*/
private String[] choiceFormats;
}