diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS
index 0997a3acc04..4f32e91c769 100644
--- a/NEWS
+++ b/NEWS
@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@ PHP                                                                        NEWS
 |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 ?? ??? ????, PHP 8.3.0
 
+- Core:
+  . Fixed oss-fuzz #54325 (Use-after-free of name in var-var with malicious
+    error handler). (ilutov)
+
 - DOM:
   . Fixed bug GH-12616 (DOM: Removing XMLNS namespace node results in invalid
     default: prefix). (nielsdos)
diff --git a/Zend/tests/oss_fuzz_54325.phpt b/Zend/tests/oss_fuzz_54325.phpt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d998acf1ffe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Zend/tests/oss_fuzz_54325.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+--TEST--
+oss-fuzz #54325: Fix use-after-free of name in var-var with malicious error handler
+--FILE--
+<?php
+set_error_handler(function ($errno, $errstr) {
+    var_dump($errstr);
+    global $x;
+    $x = new stdClass;
+});
+
+// Needs to be non-interned string
+$x = strrev('foo');
+$$x++;
+var_dump($x);
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+string(23) "Undefined variable $oof"
+object(stdClass)#2 (0) {
+}
diff --git a/Zend/zend_vm_def.h b/Zend/zend_vm_def.h
index 5d861444fe3..539283b603b 100644
--- a/Zend/zend_vm_def.h
+++ b/Zend/zend_vm_def.h
@@ -1751,6 +1751,10 @@ ZEND_VM_C_LABEL(fetch_this):
 		} else if (type == BP_VAR_IS || type == BP_VAR_UNSET) {
 			retval = &EG(uninitialized_zval);
 		} else {
+			if (OP1_TYPE == IS_CV) {
+				/* Keep name alive in case an error handler tries to free it. */
+				zend_string_addref(name);
+			}
 			zend_error(E_WARNING, "Undefined %svariable $%s",
 				(opline->extended_value & ZEND_FETCH_GLOBAL ? "global " : ""), ZSTR_VAL(name));
 			if (type == BP_VAR_RW && !EG(exception)) {
@@ -1758,6 +1762,9 @@ ZEND_VM_C_LABEL(fetch_this):
 			} else {
 				retval = &EG(uninitialized_zval);
 			}
+			if (OP1_TYPE == IS_CV) {
+				zend_string_release(name);
+			}
 		}
 	/* GLOBAL or $$name variable may be an INDIRECT pointer to CV */
 	} else if (Z_TYPE_P(retval) == IS_INDIRECT) {
diff --git a/Zend/zend_vm_execute.h b/Zend/zend_vm_execute.h
index de6f814acaf..0ce3ac32efe 100644
--- a/Zend/zend_vm_execute.h
+++ b/Zend/zend_vm_execute.h
@@ -10087,6 +10087,10 @@ fetch_this:
 		} else if (type == BP_VAR_IS || type == BP_VAR_UNSET) {
 			retval = &EG(uninitialized_zval);
 		} else {
+			if (IS_CONST == IS_CV) {
+				/* Keep name alive in case an error handler tries to free it. */
+				zend_string_addref(name);
+			}
 			zend_error(E_WARNING, "Undefined %svariable $%s",
 				(opline->extended_value & ZEND_FETCH_GLOBAL ? "global " : ""), ZSTR_VAL(name));
 			if (type == BP_VAR_RW && !EG(exception)) {
@@ -10094,6 +10098,9 @@ fetch_this:
 			} else {
 				retval = &EG(uninitialized_zval);
 			}
+			if (IS_CONST == IS_CV) {
+				zend_string_release(name);
+			}
 		}
 	/* GLOBAL or $$name variable may be an INDIRECT pointer to CV */
 	} else if (Z_TYPE_P(retval) == IS_INDIRECT) {
@@ -17924,6 +17931,10 @@ fetch_this:
 		} else if (type == BP_VAR_IS || type == BP_VAR_UNSET) {
 			retval = &EG(uninitialized_zval);
 		} else {
+			if ((IS_TMP_VAR|IS_VAR) == IS_CV) {
+				/* Keep name alive in case an error handler tries to free it. */
+				zend_string_addref(name);
+			}
 			zend_error(E_WARNING, "Undefined %svariable $%s",
 				(opline->extended_value & ZEND_FETCH_GLOBAL ? "global " : ""), ZSTR_VAL(name));
 			if (type == BP_VAR_RW && !EG(exception)) {
@@ -17931,6 +17942,9 @@ fetch_this:
 			} else {
 				retval = &EG(uninitialized_zval);
 			}
+			if ((IS_TMP_VAR|IS_VAR) == IS_CV) {
+				zend_string_release(name);
+			}
 		}
 	/* GLOBAL or $$name variable may be an INDIRECT pointer to CV */
 	} else if (Z_TYPE_P(retval) == IS_INDIRECT) {
@@ -48303,6 +48317,10 @@ fetch_this:
 		} else if (type == BP_VAR_IS || type == BP_VAR_UNSET) {
 			retval = &EG(uninitialized_zval);
 		} else {
+			if (IS_CV == IS_CV) {
+				/* Keep name alive in case an error handler tries to free it. */
+				zend_string_addref(name);
+			}
 			zend_error(E_WARNING, "Undefined %svariable $%s",
 				(opline->extended_value & ZEND_FETCH_GLOBAL ? "global " : ""), ZSTR_VAL(name));
 			if (type == BP_VAR_RW && !EG(exception)) {
@@ -48310,6 +48328,9 @@ fetch_this:
 			} else {
 				retval = &EG(uninitialized_zval);
 			}
+			if (IS_CV == IS_CV) {
+				zend_string_release(name);
+			}
 		}
 	/* GLOBAL or $$name variable may be an INDIRECT pointer to CV */
 	} else if (Z_TYPE_P(retval) == IS_INDIRECT) {